Protein: Structure and Function

Abstract

Proteins are amino acids covalently connected by peptides to form a sequence.  In cells, proteins play an important role such as transporting ions and molecules within the membrane, catalysts or enzymes, and structural functions among others. There are about twenty amino acids that constitute essential proteins. Of these amino acids, each one has an elemental structure that consists of central carbon known as alpha carbon, which is bonded to hydrocarbon, amino group, carboxyl and a distinct side sequence or the R-group. The main feature that distinguishes a given amino acid from others is the individual side series or R-group, an aspect that characterizes its chemical elements.  The distinct side series or R-group presents unique chemical features of amino acids while dictating how they bond with each other in proteins. Therefore, amino acid can be categorized as hydrophobic opposed to hydrophilic, and uncharged vs. positive vs. negative charge. The 3D conformation of protein action is determined based on the compound binding with side chains. Particular characteristics can be construed by assessing the elements of amino acid clusters. This review sets out to highlight protein structures and functions.

Protein: Structure and Function

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Protein: Structure and Function

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